Kadeejah Johnson Essays (581 words) - Human Development,

Kadeejah Johnson Professor A. Baker Chapter 12 8 April, 2016 Chapter 12: Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence Chapter 12: Review (page 321) List personal and contextual factors that promote identity development. Personal and contextual factors that promote identity development are the personality characteristics, parenting practices, interaction with diverse peers through school and community activities , schools and communities, and lastly societal forces. These things are set for them to explore or identify themselves based on how they view themselves and their actions. When the parents are involved in their child's actively they are then influenced and attached to their parents, and in their own opinions they are active in their lives. The interaction with diverse peers allows them to open up to the idea that peop le are all different. Many of those who have friends that are from other countries are involved in exploring relationship issues. School communities allow students to explore the supportive experience included within the classroom, and promotes a high level of thinking. Chapter 12: Apply (page 321) Return to the conversation between Louis and Daryl in the opening of this chapter. Which identity status best characterizes each of the two boys, and why? The identity status that best characterizes each of the two boys is identity foreclosure because each of them look for the self-endearment of actually exploring new things and having the openness to try different things. They are struggling to identify the commitment in the absence of exploration. Although both of them want to experience these things they also have the openness to explore other cultures. In many cases they will have the option after they graduate to explore those options. Chapter 12: Apply (page 328) Tam grew up in a small village culture, Lydia in a large industrial city. At age 15, Tam reasons at Kohlberg's Stage 3, Lydia at Stage 4. What factors might account for the difference? Tam reasoning at Stage 3 than Lydia's Stage 4 is because of the moral issues that they both have experienced coming from different stages. Their level of reasoning is remotely different because they are thoroughly and their immediate response to their difference is almost interchangeable. Even in the Kohlberg stage they are constructing a deeper understanding of fairness and justice. This guides both of them that their moral action should remain powerfully influential. They will influence each other based only on the fact that they are from different areas and their morals. Chapter 12: Review (page 334) Describe the distinct positive functions of friendships, cliques, and crowds in adolescence. What factors lead some friendships and peer-group ties to be harmful? The distinct positive functions of friendships, cliques, and crowds in adolescence is that each of them stand for different things and they are organized based on the personalities. Some of them are different because some of them may be the bullied group, but they stick together in order to feel a level of protection. In the year of adolescence majority of the time they tend to stick in groups in order to establish popularity, and in most cases to feel secure and not left out when there are issues amongst other groups. Some factors that lead to some friendships and peer-groups is tied to be harmful because when they get bigger, and other groups form, there would be a case of which is better.

Definition and Examples of Procatalepsis in Rhetoric

Definition and Examples of Procatalepsis in Rhetoric Procatalepsis is a  rhetorical strategy by which a speaker or writer anticipates and responds to an opponents objections. Also spelled prokatalepsis. Adjective: Procataleptic The  figure of speech and  argumentative strategy of procatalepsis is also known as  the  prebuttal, the figure of presupposal, anticipatio, and anticipated refutation. Nicholas Brownlees notes that procatalepsis is an effective rhetorical device in that while appearing  dialogic, in practice it allows the author to remain in complete control of the  discourse  (Gerrard Winstanley and Radical Political Discourse in Cromwellian England, 2006). Examples and Observations Listen, Liz, I know this is tough to hear, but- I know what youre going to say, she cut in, her voice quiet. I know what youre going to tell me to do. Accept it. Move on. Try to forget about what happened to him.He didnt respond. Shed second-guessed him.Right?Right.Well, its not so easy for me, she said. Im still here in London with all the memories, living next door to his empty house. I havent got myself a nice little holiday cottage in Devon to disappear to and forget about everything that happened.(Tim Weaver,  Never Coming Back. Viking, 2014) Frederick Douglass Use of  Procatalepsis I may be asked, why I am so anxious to bring this subject before the British public- why I do not confine my efforts to the United States? My answer is, first, that slavery is the common enemy of mankind, and all mankind should be made acquainted with its abominable character. My next answer is, that the slave is a man, and, as such, is entitled to your sympathy as a brother. All the feelings, all the susceptibilities, all the capacities, which you have, he has. He is a part of the human family. (Frederick Douglass, An Appeal to the British People. Reception speech at Finsbury Chapel, Moorfields, England, May 12, 1846) Platos Use of  Procatalepsis Someone will say: Yes, Socrates, but cannot you hold your tongue, and then you may go into a foreign city, and no one will interfere with you? Now I have great difficulty in making you understand my answer to this. For if I tell you that this would be a disobedience to a divine command, and therefore that I cannot hold my tongue, you will not believe that I am serious; and if I say again that the greatest good of man is daily to converse about virtue, and all that concerning which you hear me examining myself and others, and that the life which is unexamined is not worth living- that you are still less likely to believe. And yet what I say is true, although a thing of which it is hard for me to persuade you. (Plato, Apology, trans. by Benjamin Jowett) Uses of Procatalepsis Strategically, procatalepsis shows  your readers that you have anticipated their concerns, and have already thought them through. It is, therefore, especially effective in argumentative essays...Procatalepsis can even be used if you dont have a full answer to the objection. By being honest about the fact that there are problems with your argument, you show your audience that you are grounded in reality. You should never, however, bring up an objection to which you cannot respond. (Brendan McGuigan, Rhetorical Devices: A Handbook and Activities for Student Writers. Prestwick, 2007)Often, a writer will invent a possible objection or difficulty  in order to answer it in a way that strengthens the writers position. In the event such an objection should arise, the reader has an answer already laid out...An objection can occasionally be  turned into a further point of support for the writers argument. Conceding an objection and then turning it into a point in the writers favor can be a powerful tactic. (Robert A Harris,  Writing With Clarity and Style: A Guide to Rhetorical Devices for  Contemporary Writers, 2003. Rpt. Routledge, 2017) More Examples of Procatalepsis He knows every harbor, every cove and inlet throughout the chain; he has to.Those are fine credentials, Geoffrey, but hardly the sort- Please, interrupted Cooke. I havent finished. To anticipate your objection, hes a retired officer of US Naval Intelligence. Hes relatively young, early to mid-forties, Id say, and Ive no real knowledge of why he left the service, but I gather the circumstances werent very pleasant. Still, he could be an asset on this assignment. (Robert Ludlum, The Scorpio Illusion, 1993)No group in America has had as poor a start as the first Africans. Youll argue that other groups had to suffer indignities and even slavery, but I immediately remind you that they migrated (i.e. came by choice). Africans were wrenched (even if purchased) from their homeland, brutalized and forced to work for free. (Nashieqa Washington, Why Do Black People Love Fried Chicken? And Other Questions Youve Wondered But Didnt Dare Ask. Your Black Friend, 2006)